{"id":8594,"date":"2017-02-16T17:36:15","date_gmt":"2017-02-16T17:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afe.epicenter1.com\/?post_type=resource&#038;p=8594"},"modified":"2024-05-02T14:43:55","modified_gmt":"2024-05-02T14:43:55","slug":"botrytis","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/endowment.org\/es\/resource\/botrytis","title":{"rendered":"Botrytis Resources"},"content":{"rendered":"<div\n\tid=\"block_1114282a84efb32b3494866fc28341c3\"\n\tclass=\"nmc-block nmc-block--masthead alignfull  -no-image\">\n\t  \t\t\t<div class=\"masthead_content\">\n\t<div class=\"bound boundwide\">\n\t\t<h1 class=\"masthead_title\">Botrytis Resources<\/h1>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Botrytis is one of the most serious post-harvest problems facing the floral industry.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><strong>It is extremely difficult to control and causes significant losses and reduced profits.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Botrytis blight, also known as gray mold, causes brown spots on petals and leaves that renders the plant unmarketable. In less severe cases, Botrytis-infected flowers have reduced vase life. Interestingly, Botrytis damage has been shown to result in ethylene production within flowers. Botrytis&nbsp;spores germinate at a wide range of temperatures, including temperatures typically used for shipping and storage and at humidity levels of 93% or higher. Spores will germinate in 4 \u2013 8 hours if water is present. In other words, the conditions used for production, shipping, and storage are also ideal for Botrytis growth.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Additionally, the spores survive on living or decayed plant material for up to one year and may be spread by water, wind or on the hands and clothes of workers. Then, when moisture is present, the spores germinate and invade the petals and leaves. The germinated spores inject a toxin in the petal and leaf cells that leads to the damage we see on Botrytis-infected petals and leaves. The worst cases of Botrytis damage occur when production areas experience rain and high humidity conditions, water is present on leaves and stems in the shipping boxes, and temperature fluctuations cause condensation on the flowers and inside the sleeves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Find more resources and solutions by clicking the topics below or watch webinars on top issues facing growers by clicking on the image below.<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div\n\tid=\"block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6\"\n\tclass=\"nmc-block nmc-block--accordion aligntrue  accordion   aligntrue\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"nmc-block_title\">\n\t\tRecursos\n\t<\/h2>\n      <div class=\"accordion\">\n          <div class=\"accordion_item\" id=\"item-block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6-1\">\n        <h3 class=\"accordion_item-title\">\n          <button aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            Scouting\n\t\t\t<div class=\"indicator\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t<rect class=\"vert\" height=\"9\" width=\"1\" y=\"0\" x=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<rect height=\"1\" width=\"9\" y=\"4\" x=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/h3>\n        <div class=\"accordion_item-content\" hidden>\n          <p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":4} --><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Takeaways:<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-19228 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bot-300x176.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bot-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bot-1024x602.png 1024w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bot-768x452.png 768w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bot.png 1404w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --> <!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Lesions in flower petals can be caused by both abiotic and biotic factors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>At the early stages of infection, Botrytis isn\u2019t easily distinguished from other fungal pathogens.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Botrytis causes small necrotic or discolored lesions that expand as the fungus invades the tissue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Infected tissue can be placed into a sealed plastic bag or humid chamber. The fungus will produce spores in 3-7 days, which will aid in identification. Spores are the best way to identify fungi!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Frequently walk through your greenhouse and remove symptomatic tissue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Resources:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Scouting-and-Monitoring-for-Botrytis.pdf\">Scouting and Monitoring for Botrytis<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 One Page Key Takeaways<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Not_all_spots_are_Botrytis.pdf\">Not All Spots are Botrytis<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Pink-pigmentation-in-rose-ptetals.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pink Pigmentations in Rose Petals are Not Caused by Botrytis<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Recursos en Espa\u00f1ol:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Sintomologia-monitoreo-y-manejo-del-tizon-de-Botrytis.pdf\">Sintomolog\u00eda, monitoreo y manejo\u00a0del tiz\u00f3n de Botrytis<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Volante de una p\u00e1gina con informaci\u00f3n clave<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1No_todas_las_pecas_son_botrytis_.pdf\"><strong>No todas las pecas son Botrytis<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/1Actualizacion-de-investigacion-1-1.pdf\">Las pigmentaciones rosadas en los p\u00e9talos de rosa no son causadas por Botryti<\/a><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/1Actualizacion-de-investigacion-.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>s<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n          <div class=\"accordion_item\" id=\"item-block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6-2\">\n        <h3 class=\"accordion_item-title\">\n          <button aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            Management in The Greenhouses\n\t\t\t<div class=\"indicator\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t<rect class=\"vert\" height=\"9\" width=\"1\" y=\"0\" x=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<rect height=\"1\" width=\"9\" y=\"4\" x=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/h3>\n        <div class=\"accordion_item-content\" hidden>\n          <p><b>Key Takeaways:<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-19227 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/management-300x198.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/management-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/management-1024x677.png 1024w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/management-768x507.png 768w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/management.png 1108w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The optimal temperatures for Botrytis development and growth are very similar to the optimal conditions for plant growth and development.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Relative humidity &gt;94% or continuous periods of leaf wetness for over 12 hours promote Botrytis spore germination.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Cultural practices to manage Botrytis should focus on reducing greenhouse moisture, humidity, and condensation.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Remove humidity from the plant canopy with horizontal airflow fans.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Remove humid air from the greenhouse with exhaust fans.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Keep air temperature above the dewpoint to prevent water condensation on plant surfaces.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Frequently remove decaying plant material.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Strengthen plant tissue with calcium applications. (See\u00a0<strong>Calcium Applications<\/strong>\u00a0for more information)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Resources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Integrating-Alternative-Products-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Integrating Alternative Products for Botrytis Control<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/a>One Page Key Takeaways<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Pre-season-Checklist-for-Botrytis-Management.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Pre-Season Checklist for Botrytis Management<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Greehouse-Weather-Stations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Greenhouse Weather Stations: A Pomising New Tool for Botrytis Management<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James Faust, Guido Schnabel and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2018<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Recursos en Espa\u00f1ol:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Integrando-Productos-Alternativos.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Integrando productos aternativos para el control de Botrytis\u00a0<\/a><\/strong>\u2013 Volante de una p\u00e1gina con informaci\u00f3n clave<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Lista_de_cosas_por_hacer_en_la_pre_temporada_para_el_manejo_de_Botrytis.02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Lista de \u2018cosas por hacer\u2019 en la pre-temporada para el manejo de Botrytis<\/strong><strong>.\u00a0<\/strong><\/a>Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n          <div class=\"accordion_item\" id=\"item-block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6-3\">\n        <h3 class=\"accordion_item-title\">\n          <button aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            Postharvest Management\n\t\t\t<div class=\"indicator\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t<rect class=\"vert\" height=\"9\" width=\"1\" y=\"0\" x=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<rect height=\"1\" width=\"9\" y=\"4\" x=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/h3>\n        <div class=\"accordion_item-content\" hidden>\n          <p><b>Key Takeaways:<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-19226 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/postharvest-300x199.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/postharvest-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/postharvest-1024x680.png 1024w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/postharvest-768x510.png 768w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/postharvest.png 1356w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">The temperature and relative humidity within shipping boxes are mostly within the range that promotes Botrytis germination and growth.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Susceptibility to Botrytis and ethylene damage varies greatly among different rose cultivars.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Botrytis susceptibility and ethylene sensitivity do not correlate. The presence of one does not predict the presence of the other.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Laboratory testing of Botrytis susceptibility and ethylene sensitivity do not always align with observations made during commercial production and postharvest handling.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sensitivity to ethylene was not influenced by Botrytis inoculation in any of the four cut rose cultivars used in this research.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Exposure to ethylene often results in a significant increase in Botrytis damage, regardless of the cultivar\u2019s innate susceptibility to Botrytis or ethylene.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Precooling the packed boxes before placement into coolers enhances the vase life, slows down bud opening, minimizes Botrytis damage to the flowers, and reduces the frequency of Botrytis on leaves.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Regardless of a cultivar\u2019s seeming response to ethylene, exposure to ethylene at the Botrytis establishment and\/or development stage could amplify Botrytis damage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Resources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Pre-season-Checklist-for-Botrytis-Management.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Pre-Season Checklist for Botrytis Management<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Postharvest-Management-of-Botrytis-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Postharvest Management of Botrytis During Shipping and Storage<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Ben A. Bergmann and John M. Dole, 2018<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Calcium-Dips-a-New-Technique.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Calcium Dips: A New Technique for Reducing Botrytis Infection After Harvest<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James Faust, Guido Schnabel and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2018<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Recursos en Espa\u00f1ol:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Lista_de_cosas_por_hacer_en_la_pre_temporada_para_el_manejo_de_Botrytis.02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Lista de \u2018cosas por hacer\u2019 en la pre-temporada para el manejo de Botrytis<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James Faust, and Guido Schnabel, 2019<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Inmersiones_en_calcio_.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inmersiones en calcio: una nueva t\u00e9cnica para reducir la infecci\u00f3n de Botrytis en post-cosecha<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James Faust, Guido Schnabel and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2018<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n          <div class=\"accordion_item\" id=\"item-block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6-4\">\n        <h3 class=\"accordion_item-title\">\n          <button aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            Biological Control and IPM\n\t\t\t<div class=\"indicator\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t<rect class=\"vert\" height=\"9\" width=\"1\" y=\"0\" x=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<rect height=\"1\" width=\"9\" y=\"4\" x=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/h3>\n        <div class=\"accordion_item-content\" hidden>\n          <p><b>Key Takeaways<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Alternatives to conventional fungicides that can be used are biological control agents (BCAs), systemic acquired resistance (SAR) inducers, calcium, and ethylene-management products. (See\u00a0<strong>Calcium Applications<\/strong>\u00a0for more information)\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">BCAs\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">Howler\u00ae\u00a0<i>Pseudomonas chlororaphis<\/i><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">CeaseTM, Serenade\u00ae\u00a0<i>Bacillus subtilis<\/i><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">Revitalize\u00ae , Double Nickel\u00a0<i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens<\/i><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">RootShield\u00ae\u00a0<i>Trichoderma harzianum<\/i><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">Guard\u00ae\u00a0<i>Trichoderma viridae<\/i><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">Botector\u00ae\u00a0<i>Aureobasidium pullulans<\/i><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">BotryStopTM\u00a0<i>Ulocladium oudemansii<\/i><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">RegaliaTM\u00a0<i>Reynoutria sachalinensis<\/i><i><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">SAR Inducers\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">Actigard\u00ae Acibenzolar-S-methyl<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">Aliette\u00ae Fosetyl-aluminum<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"3\">AludeTM, BioPhos\u00ae Phosphorus acid<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Some biological control agents may require multiple applications to become established.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Off-peak season and low disease risk conditions provide an opportunity to rely on alternative measures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-19225\" src=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chart-300x76.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"76\" srcset=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chart-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chart-1024x260.png 1024w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chart-768x195.png 768w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chart-1536x390.png 1536w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chart-2048x520.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Recursos<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Integrating-Alternative-Products-1-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Integrating Alternative Products for Botrytis Control\u00a0<\/a><\/strong>\u2013 One Page Key Takeaways<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1KeyTakeaways-and-Pointers-for-Botrytis-1-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Key Takeaways &amp; Pointers for Botrytis Management Alternatives to Conventional Fungicides\u00a0<\/a><\/strong>Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, and James Faust, 2023<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1New-Bioproducts-for-Botrytis-Blight-Management-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New Bioproducts for Botrytis Blight Management of Floriculture Crops<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Ana Maria Borda, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Eval-of-the-Combination-of-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evaluation of the Combination of Natamycin and Calcium Dips on Botrytis Infection of Roses<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Logan Behnke, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Natamycin-Update-for-AFE-October-2021-Final-3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Natamycin for Botrytis Blight Management of Floriculture Crops<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2021<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Biological-Control-Agents-Show-Promise-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Biological Control Agents Show Promise as Botrytis Management Tools<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James E. Faust, Guido Schnabel, Hehe Wang, Gabriela Calidonio, 2021<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Recursos en Espa\u00f1ol:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Integrando-Productos-Alternativos-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Integrando productos aternativos para el vontrol de Botrytis\u00a0<\/a><\/strong>\u2013 Volante de una p\u00e1gina con informaci\u00f3n clave<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Puntos-clave-para-tener-en-cuenta-sobre-estrategias-alternativas-a-los-fungicidas-convencionales-para-el-manejo-de-Botrytis-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Puntos clave para tener en cuenta sobre estrategias alternativas a los fungicidas convencionales para el manejo de Botrytis<\/strong>.<\/a>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, and James Faust, 2023<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Nueveos-Bioproductos-para-el-manejo-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Nuevos bioproductos para el manejo del tiz\u00f3n de Botrytis en cultivos de floricultura<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Ana Maria Borda, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Eval-espanol-1-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Evaluaci\u00f3n de la potencial sinergia entre las aplicaciones de natamicina y calcio<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Logan Behnke, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Natamicina-como-alternativa-3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Natamicina para el manejo del moho gris de Botrytis en cultivos de floricultura<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2021<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Agentes-de-Control-Biologico-se-muestran-prometedores-como-estrategias-de-manejo-de-la-pudricion-por-Botrytis1-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agentes de Control Biol\u00f3gico se muestran prometedores como estrategias de manejo de la pudrici\u00f3n por Botrytis<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James E. Faust, Guido Schnabel, Hehe Wang, Gabriela Calidonio, 2021<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Webinars:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RVEYGEz5gBg&amp;feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Screening biological control agents for effective Botrytis blight management\u00a0<\/a><\/strong>Jim Faust and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2020<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Seminarios Web:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OxywrTD47t0&amp;t=1s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evaluacion de agentes de control biologico para el manejo efectivo de Botrytis<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ieIrOoOEwLU&amp;list=PL5n2H0xdwPQ6DI6CuLx7IVxZdDDlG9Hnd&amp;index=2\">Jim Faust and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz<\/a><\/strong><strong>,<\/strong>\u00a02020<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n          <div class=\"accordion_item\" id=\"item-block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6-5\">\n        <h3 class=\"accordion_item-title\">\n          <button aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            Identifying New Biological Control Agents and Their Application\n\t\t\t<div class=\"indicator\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t<rect class=\"vert\" height=\"9\" width=\"1\" y=\"0\" x=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<rect height=\"1\" width=\"9\" y=\"4\" x=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/h3>\n        <div class=\"accordion_item-content\" hidden>\n          <p><b>Key Takeaways<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-19224 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/identifying-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/identifying-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/identifying-1024x684.png 1024w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/identifying-768x513.png 768w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/identifying.png 1444w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>A study at The Ohio State University evaluated a collection of 60 bacterial strains and identified seven strains that reduced botrytis severity in greenhouse petunias.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">The study evaluated:\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">Evaluating beneficial bacteria application methods<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">Evaluating Botrytis biocontrol efficacy when beneficial bacteria are applied with and without additional calcium.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"2\">Comparing the biocontrol effects of individual bacteria to consortia (groups) of bacteria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Combining both spray and drench application methods proved more effective in reducing disease severity than using either method alone for applications of\u00a0<i>Pseudomonas<\/i>\u00a0strains on Petunia \u2018Carpet Red Bright.\u2019<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Different bacteria strains require different application methods for optimal control of Botrytis, with spray + drench method providing the most consistent results.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Calcium applications reduced Botrytis disease severity but didn\u2019t always enhance the effect of beneficial bacteria.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">The individual bacteria strain AP54 and the biopesticide Cease showed the best disease control among all treatments, with AP54 even outperforming or matching Cease at all time points.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Future research will continue to investigate the interplay and potential synergies between different bacteria strains in controlling Botrytis in Petunia.\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Stay tuned for more results from this project!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Resources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Optimizing-the-Efficacy-of-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Optimizing the Efficacy of Beneficial Bacteria Against Botrytis Blight in Greenhouse Crops<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Michelle Jones, 2022<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Beneficial_Bacteria_Identified_for_the_Biocontrol_of_Botrytis_cinerea_in_Floriculture_Crops-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Beneficial Bacteria Identified for the Biocontrol of Botrytis Cinerea in Floriculture Crops<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kaylee South and Michelle Jones, 2020<\/li>\n<li><a id=\"LPlnk416484\" class=\"OWAAutoLink\" title=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Tank-Mixes-of-Biorational-Products-for-Botrytis-Blight-Control.pdf\" href=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tank-Mixes-of-Biorational-Products-for-Botrytis-Blight-Control-1.pdf\"><strong>Tank Mixes of Biorational Products Can Provide Botrytis Blight Control on Roses Comparable to the Best Chemical Fungicides<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Gabriela Calidonio, Ana Mar\u00eda Borda, Guido Schnabel and James Faust, 2023<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Recursos en Espa\u00f1ol:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1optimization-de-la-eficacia-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Optimizaci\u00f3n de la eficacia de las bacterias beneficas contra el tiz\u00f3n de Botrytis (moho gris) en cultivos de invernadero<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Michelle Jones, 2022<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Bacterias_bene_ficas_identificadas_para_el_control_biolo_gico_de_Botrytis_cinerea_en_cultivos_de_floricultura-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Bacterias ben\u00e9ficas identificadas para el control biol\u00f3gico de Botrytis cinerea en cultivos de floricultura<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Kaylee South and Michelle Jones, 2020<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n          <div class=\"accordion_item\" id=\"item-block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6-6\">\n        <h3 class=\"accordion_item-title\">\n          <button aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            Calcium Applications\n\t\t\t<div class=\"indicator\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t<rect class=\"vert\" height=\"9\" width=\"1\" y=\"0\" x=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<rect height=\"1\" width=\"9\" y=\"4\" x=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/h3>\n        <div class=\"accordion_item-content\" hidden>\n          <p id=\"Calcium\" class=\"_mPS2id-t\"><b>Key Takeaways:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-19223 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/calcium-300x93.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"93\" srcset=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/calcium-300x93.png 300w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/calcium-768x239.png 768w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/calcium.png 980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Calcium (Ca) strengthens and stabilizes the cell wall, making the penetration of\u00a0<i>Botrytis cinerea<\/i>\u00a0more difficult.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Higher Ca concentration in petals, stems, leaves, and sepals makes them less susceptible to Botrytis infection.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Different application techniques are required for different plant tissues and flower forms. Fertigation solutions work best for leaves, additional spray applications are beneficial for stems, and for single flowers spray applications suffice. However, double-flower forms need a heavy shower or whole flower\/stem dip for effective treatment. Surfactants can aid in enhancing calcium uptake through above-ground tissues.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Calcium chloride flower spray applications in greenhouse production can reduce Botrytis blight, despite the calcium concentration in rose petal tissue not significantly increasing. This suggests the reduction may be due to metabolic responses related to plant defense pathways triggered by calcium signaling.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">The calcium flower spray doses that effectively decreased Botrytis blight severity in postharvest were 500 and 1000 ppm.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Natamycin and calcium showed an additive effect for reducing botrytis severity, i.e., the combined effect was higher than each product used alone; therefore, this combination is very promising for commercial use as a postharvest dip. Results rivaled the best performing commercial fungicide in the study.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Coadjuvant is not needed for natamycin and calcium dips on roses.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Postharvest calcium dips cause a series of metabolic changes in the plant, including increased activity in defense-related pathways such as phenylalanine, glucosinolate, and sphingolipid metabolism.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Postharvest calcium dips using calcium chloride have proven to be the most effective strategy to reduce Botrytis blight, with the 2000 ppm dose leading to an increase in calcium concentration in petals, and consequently enhancing petal physical strength.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">The silicon-based adjuvant (CapSil\u00ae) did not improve disease severity, calcium assimilation, or petal strength when used in combination with calcium dips.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Resources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1KeyTakeaways-and-Pointers-for-Botrytis-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Key Takeaways &amp; Pointers for Botrytis Management Alternatives to Conventional Fungicides<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, and James Faust, 2023<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Evaluation-of-the-Combination-of-Natimicin.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evaluation of the Combination of Natamycin, On-Gard Calcium, and Howler for Botrytis Blight Management on Petunia Flowers<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gabriela Calidonio, Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Eval-of-the-Combination-of-1-1-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evaluation of the Combination of Natamycin and Calcium Dips on Botrytis Infection of Roses<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Logan Behnke, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Natamycin-Update-for-AFE-October-2021-Final-1-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Natamycin for Botrytis Blight Management of Floriculture Crops<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2021<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1The_Use_of_Calcium_Sprays_and_Dips_to_Improve_Botrytis_Management_.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Use of Calcium Sprays and Dips to Improve Botrytis Management<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James E. Faust, Guido Schnabel, 2020<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Achieving-Results-with-Calcium-Treatments-Oct-2020_compressed-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Protect from Botrytis Infection: Achieving Results with Calcium Treatments<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James Faust and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2019<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Calcium-Dips-a-New-Technique-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Calcium Dips: A New Technique for Reducing Botrytis Infection after Harvest<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James Faust, Guido Schnabel and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2018<\/li>\n<li><a id=\"LPNoLPOWALinkPreview_1\" title=\"https:\/\/www.growertalks.com\/Article\/?articleid=24308\" href=\"https:\/\/www.growertalks.com\/Article\/?articleid=24308\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-loopstyle=\"linkonly\"><strong>Stronger Plants<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>Katherine Bennett and James Faust\u00a0GrowerTalks, September 2019<\/li>\n<li><a id=\"LPlnk421914\" title=\"https:\/\/www.growertalks.com\/Article\/?articleid=24272\" href=\"https:\/\/www.growertalks.com\/Article\/?articleid=24272\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-loopstyle=\"linkonly\"><strong>Improving Performance with Calcium<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Katherine Bennett and James Faust, GrowerTalks, August 2019<\/li>\n<li><a id=\"LPlnk416484\" class=\"OWAAutoLink\" title=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Tank-Mixes-of-Biorational-Products-for-Botrytis-Blight-Control.pdf\" href=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Tank-Mixes-of-Biorational-Products-for-Botrytis-Blight-Control.pdf\"><strong>Tank Mixes of Biorational Products Can Provide Botrytis Blight Control on Roses Comparable to the Best Chemical Fungicides<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Gabriela Calidonio, Ana Mar\u00eda Borda, Guido Schnabel and James Faust, 2023<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Recursos en Espa\u00f1ol:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Puntos-clave-para-tener-en-cuenta-sobre-estrategias-alternativas-a-los-fungicidas-convencionales-para-el-manejo-de-Botrytis.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Puntos clave para tener en cuenta sobre estrategias alternativas a los fungicidas convencionales para el manejo de Botrytis.<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, and James Faust, 2023<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Evaluacion-de-la-combinacion-de-natacmicinia-on-gard-calcium-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evaluaci\u00f3n de la combinaci\u00f3n de natamicina, On-Gard Calcium y howler para el control del moho gris de Botrytis en flores de petunia<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gabriela Calidonio, Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Eval-espanol-1.pdf\"><strong>Evaluaci\u00f3n de la potencial sinergia entre las aplicaciones de natamicina y calcio<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Logan Behnke, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2022<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Natamicina-como-alternativa-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Natamicina para el manejo del moho gris de Botrytis en cultivos de floricultura<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, Gabriela Calidonio, Guido Schnabel and James E. Faust, 2021<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Inmersiones_en_calcio_-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Actualizaci\u00f3n de investigaci\u00f3n: uso de aspersiones e inmersiones de calcio para el manejo de Botrytis<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, James E. Faust, Guido Schnabel, 2020<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Logrando-Resultados-con-Tratamientos-de-Calcio-compressed.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Protegiendo de la infecci\u00f3n de Botrytis:Logrando Resultados con Tratamientos de Calcio<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James Faust and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2019<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Inmersiones_en_calcio_-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inmersiones en calcio: una nueva t\u00e9cnica para reducir la infecci\u00f3n de Botrytis en post-cosecha<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James Faust, Guido Schnabel and Melissa Mu\u00f1oz, 2018<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n          <div class=\"accordion_item\" id=\"item-block_3b475a2daa426e12bbb729becc1891c6-7\">\n        <h3 class=\"accordion_item-title\">\n          <button aria-expanded=\"false\">\n            Chitosan \n\t\t\t<div class=\"indicator\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t<rect class=\"vert\" height=\"9\" width=\"1\" y=\"0\" x=\"4\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<rect height=\"1\" width=\"9\" y=\"4\" x=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/h3>\n        <div class=\"accordion_item-content\" hidden>\n          <p><b>Key Takeaways<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-19222 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chitosan-300x141.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"141\" srcset=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chitosan-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chitosan-1024x480.png 1024w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chitosan-768x360.png 768w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chitosan-1536x720.png 1536w, https:\/\/endowment.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/chitosan.png 1728w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Chitosan, a derivative of chitin, is a seafood byproduct.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Chitin is a promising natural compound documented to have antifungal and disease suppressive properties.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Chitin is one of the most abundant polymers on earth and is an important component of all insect and crustacean exoskeletons.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Chitin is also a structural component in fungal cell walls. Some companies have begun utilizing waste from the seafood industry as a source of chitosan for use in agriculture as a new crop protection product.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Chitosan has been used successfully in postharvest to prevent storage rot and extend the shelf life of perishable fruits and vegetables.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Chitosan was effective at reducing botrytis severity on the leaves of petunia and showed potential as a new tool to include in an IPM program.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Chitosan products were effective for preventing Botrytis blight on petunia leaves.\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Stay tuned for more results from this project!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Resources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1Chitosan-article-final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Use of the Seafood Byproduct Chitosan for Management of Botrytis on Floriculture Crops<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Anissa Poleatewich, Ryan Dickson, Liza DeGenring, Leala Machesney, Josh Tebow, 2022<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Poleatewich_AFE_Final-report-2023-DM-143.pdf\">Co-Application of Biopesticides and Chitosan for Optimized Suppression of Botrytis Infection in Greenhouse Floriculture<\/a><\/strong> Anissa Poleatewich and Liza DeGenring, 2023<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Recursos en Espa\u00f1ol:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/e1.nmcdn.io\/assets\/afe\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/1quitosano-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Uso del Subproducto de Mariscos Quitosano para el Manejo de Botrytis en Cultivos de Floricultura<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Anissa Poleatewich, Ryan Dickson, Liza DeGenring, Leala Machesney, Josh Tebow, 2022<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-8594","resource","type-resource","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Botrytis Resources - American Floral Endowment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/es\/recurso\/botrytis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Botrytis Resources - American Floral Endowment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Botrytis is one of the most serious post-harvest problems facing the floral industry.&nbsp;It is extremely difficult to control and causes significant losses and reduced profits. Botrytis blight, also known as gray mold, causes brown spots on petals and leaves that renders the plant unmarketable. In less severe cases, Botrytis-infected flowers have reduced vase life. Interestingly, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/es\/recurso\/botrytis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"American Floral Endowment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-02T14:43:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/resource\\\/botrytis\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/resource\\\/botrytis\\\/\",\"name\":\"Botrytis Resources - American Floral Endowment\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2017-02-16T17:36:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-02T14:43:55+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/resource\\\/botrytis\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/resource\\\/botrytis\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/resource\\\/botrytis\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Botrytis Resources\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/\",\"name\":\"American Floral Endowment\",\"description\":\"Funding the Future of Floriculture\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/endowment.org\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Botrytis Resources - American Floral Endowment","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/endowment.org\/es\/recurso\/botrytis\/","og_locale":"es_MX","og_type":"article","og_title":"Botrytis Resources - American Floral Endowment","og_description":"Botrytis is one of the most serious post-harvest problems facing the floral industry.&nbsp;It is extremely difficult to control and causes significant losses and reduced profits. 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