{"id":2959,"date":"2008-12-10T18:43:00","date_gmt":"2008-12-10T18:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afe.epicenter1.com\/news\/microbial-inoculants-fighting-mission-impossible"},"modified":"2024-03-18T21:39:12","modified_gmt":"2024-03-18T21:39:12","slug":"inoculantes-microbianos-luchando-contra-mision-imposible","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/endowment.org\/es\/news\/microbial-inoculants-fighting-mission-impossible","title":{"rendered":"Inoculantes microbianos: Lucha Misi\u00f3n Imposible"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Inoculantes<\/a>Su misi\u00f3n, si decide aceptarla, es incorporar pr\u00e1cticas sostenibles en su operaci\u00f3n de cultivo. Aunque no pone en riesgo la vida, muchos a\u00fan creen que esta misi\u00f3n es imposible. La investigaci\u00f3n financiada por AFE est\u00e1 aqu\u00ed para demostrar lo contrario.<\/p>

MI: SOLO LOS HECHOS<\/h3>

Los inoculantes microbianos (IM) son enmiendas agr\u00edcolas que utilizan bacterias y\/o hongos ben\u00e9ficos para promover la salud de las plantas. A veces, al formar relaciones simbi\u00f3ticas con las plantas hu\u00e9sped y, otras veces, al agotar todos los nutrientes en exceso, los IM pueden prevenir una amplia gama de pat\u00f3genos transmitidos por el suelo que causan graves p\u00e9rdidas en los cultivos.
Los IM son una forma de biocontrol ampliamente comercializada, con m\u00e1s de 80 productos disponibles comercialmente, y se consideran mucho m\u00e1s respetuosos con el medio ambiente que los fungicidas tradicionales. Pero los agricultores siempre se han preguntado si realmente funcionan.
Resultados de la investigaci\u00f3n
A finales del a\u00f1o pasado, el Dr. George Elliott, el Dr. Wade Elmer y la Dra. Susanne Bodmann concluyeron una investigaci\u00f3n financiada por la AFE que evalu\u00f3 la eficacia de varios inoculores micorr\u00edcicos (MI) disponibles comercialmente en el control de enfermedades por Pythium y pata negra en geranios de semilla en sustrato sin suelo. Aunque no era uno de los objetivos establecidos, un hallazgo de alto control de enfermedades podr\u00eda respaldar pr\u00e1cticas de cultivo m\u00e1s sostenibles al permitir un menor uso de fungicidas.
Desafortunadamente, los resultados de este estudio de tres a\u00f1os y m\u00faltiples partes no fueron concluyentes. Seg\u00fan el Dr. Elliott, algunos experimentos mostraron un control tan bueno como los tratamientos qu\u00edmicos est\u00e1ndar; otros experimentos no mostraron ning\u00fan control en absoluto. Adem\u00e1s, los factores que controlan la eficacia parecen dif\u00edciles de precisar. Lo que funcion\u00f3 en un ensayo no lo hizo en el siguiente, incluso con todos los insumos iguales.
La Dra. Elliott formul\u00f3 la hip\u00f3tesis de que la disparidad podr\u00eda provenir de inconsistencias en el sustrato de cultivo (no hay dos muestras exactamente iguales) o de contaminaciones incontrolables en el invernadero, ya sea por personas o insectos.
\u201cLos inoculantes microbianos definitivamente no suprimen la enfermedad una vez que ha comenzado \u2014dijo el Dr. Elliott\u2014, pero podr\u00edan prevenirla\u201d.\u201c<\/p>

UTILIZANDO LA INVESTIGACI\u00d3N<\/h3>

Entonces, si los resultados no fueron concluyentes, \u00bfc\u00f3mo pueden los agricultores poner en pr\u00e1ctica esta investigaci\u00f3n? Una cosa que el Dr. Elliott aconseja a los agricultores es que se centren en el saneamiento: comience con un buen sustrato de cultivo que contenga una aireaci\u00f3n adecuada y garantice un entorno que no sea propicio para las enfermedades mediante el control de los niveles de humedad.
Segundo, los productores deben realizar sus propias pruebas para evaluar la eficacia de los IM en su situaci\u00f3n particular. Estas pruebas deben incluir tanto plantas inoculadas con IM como aquellas cultivadas sin ellos, idealmente en presencia del pat\u00f3geno de la enfermedad. Adem\u00e1s, el Dr. Elliott recomienda repetir la prueba de manera regular para garantizar una eficacia continua.
Aunque no son una cura milagrosa, los IM pueden ser un biocontrol eficaz para ciertas enfermedades transmitidas por el suelo. La clave para usarlos, y para esta investigaci\u00f3n financiada por la AFE, es determinar por usted mismo c\u00f3mo se pueden usar productos como este bajo sus condiciones de cultivo \u00fanicas y dentro de un programa completo de prevenci\u00f3n de enfermedades que incluya un saneamiento adecuado, insumos de alta calidad y ensayos regulares.<\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","news-categories":[40,31,29,47,51],"class_list":["post-2959","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry","news-categories-faculty-researcher","news-categories-latest-news","news-categories-news","news-categories-other","news-categories-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMicrobial Inoculants: Fighting Mission Impossible - AFE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The American Floral Endowment (AFE) has research about how to best fight Microbial Inoculants for floriculture growers to put to use.The American Floral Endowment (AFE) has research about how to best fight Microbial Inoculants for floriculture growers to put to use.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/endowment.org\/es\/noticias\/inoculantes-microbianos-luchando-contra-mision-imposible\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Microbial Inoculants: Fighting Mission Impossible - 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