{"id":1345,"date":"2019-11-15T21:03:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T21:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afe.epicenter1.com\/news\/to-led-or-not-to-led"},"modified":"2024-03-15T22:02:14","modified_gmt":"2024-03-15T22:02:14","slug":"led-o-no-led","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/endowment.org\/es\/news\/to-led-or-not-to-led","title":{"rendered":"LED o no LED"},"content":{"rendered":"

Por Erik Runkle<\/em><\/h4>

\"LED\"Los diodos emisores de luz (LED) han captado el inter\u00e9s de muchos productores de invernadero y acad\u00e9micos. Una de las mejores maneras de explotar esta tecnolog\u00eda de iluminaci\u00f3n es cultivar plantas j\u00f3venes en interiores. Aqu\u00ed tenemos un control total del entorno de cultivo. Si bien los LED han avanzado r\u00e1pidamente, especialmente en los \u00faltimos cinco a\u00f1os, todav\u00eda tenemos m\u00e1s preguntas que respuestas. Con el apoyo de Fundaci\u00f3n Floral Americana<\/a>, hemos ampliado nuestra comprensi\u00f3n de c\u00f3mo las diferentes bandas de ondas de luz (o colores) regulan el crecimiento. Esto incluye la arquitectura de las plantas, el color de las hojas y la \u00e9poca de floraci\u00f3n en una variedad de especies flor\u00edcolas.<\/p>

Cultivo de plantas de interior<\/h4>

A principios de este a\u00f1o, escribimos una serie de cinco partes en GrowerTalks<\/a> revista<\/strong>, en colaboraci\u00f3n con colegas de la Universidad de Florida. En el primer art\u00edculo,<\/a> analizamos el concepto de cultivar plantas en interiores. Presentamos algunas de las consideraciones m\u00e1s importantes al seleccionar un sistema de iluminaci\u00f3n para interiores. Estas incluyen la durabilidad del artefacto de iluminaci\u00f3n, la intensidad y uniformidad de la luz que se entregar\u00e1, la eficiencia energ\u00e9tica del artefacto y, por supuesto, el costo de comprar e instalar un sistema.<\/p>

En el segundo art\u00edculo<\/a>, presentamos informaci\u00f3n basada en la investigaci\u00f3n sobre c\u00f3mo la intensidad de luz total y la intensidad de la luz roja lejana interact\u00faan para influir en el crecimiento de las pl\u00e1ntulas y la floraci\u00f3n despu\u00e9s del trasplante. Demostramos que la luz roja lejana promueve el crecimiento de las pl\u00e1ntulas, pero en algunos cultivos, los efectos fueron m\u00e1s fuertes bajo una intensidad de luz m\u00e1s baja que una m\u00e1s alta. En el tercer art\u00edculo<\/a>, mostramos c\u00f3mo la luz azul y la luz lejana interact\u00faan para influir en el crecimiento. En t\u00e9rminos simples, la luz azul inhibe el crecimiento por extensi\u00f3n y act\u00faa como un retardador del crecimiento. En contraste, la luz lejana aumenta el crecimiento por extensi\u00f3n y act\u00faa como un promotor del crecimiento. Aprendimos que la luz azul suprime los efectos promotores de la luz lejana en el crecimiento por extensi\u00f3n. Nuestro cuarto art\u00edculo<\/a> presenta los resultados de otro experimento m\u00e1s. En este, determinamos las intensidades m\u00ednimas recomendadas de luz azul y rojo lejano para producir pl\u00e1ntulas moderadamente compactas sin retrasar la floraci\u00f3n posterior de las plantas de d\u00eda largo.<\/p>

\"LED\"<\/p>

Econom\u00eda<\/h4>

El \u00faltimo art\u00edculo<\/a> de nuestra serie analiza la econom\u00eda del cultivo de plantas j\u00f3venes en interiores. En este art\u00edculo se incluyen costos de ejemplo para un solo carro de transporte con estantes equipados con LED y un sistema de niebla. Se presentan los costos de inversi\u00f3n de capital inicial y los costos operativos, lo que le permite evaluar la rentabilidad del cultivo en interiores. Los cultivos que tienen un valor alto, son de tama\u00f1o peque\u00f1o y tienen un enraizamiento lento y\/o una alta tasa de merma son excelentes candidatos para la producci\u00f3n en interiores.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Ver art\u00edculos de la serie<\/span><\/h4>

Iluminaci\u00f3n de las plantas j\u00f3venes en interior<\/a><\/p>

LEDs: Interacci\u00f3n entre Lejano Rojo e Intensidad Lum\u00ednica<\/a><\/p>

LED: Luz azul y rojo lejano<\/a><\/p>

Un poco de luz lejana del rojo llega muy lejos<\/a><\/p>

La econom\u00eda de la iluminaci\u00f3n de plantas j\u00f3venes en interiores<\/a><\/p>

Todos los art\u00edculos de esta serie se publicaron originalmente en la revista Grower Talks.<\/em><\/p>

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