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Integrating Control of Botrytis and Powdery Mildew in a Greenhouse Crop Progress Report — August 1995

Date 8/30/95

Title of Project Integrating Control of Botrytis and Powdery Mildew in a Greenhouse Crop

Institution where work is being conducted Michigan State Univ., Cornell Univ., Texas A&M

Amount of Endowment Grant $12,000
Covering Period 1/1/95 to 12/31/95

Anticipated Date of Project Completion/Final Report 12/31/96

Individual(s) Conducting Project:

(List Project Leader First)

Dr. Mary K. Hausbeck - Title Assistant Prof.

Telephone Number (517) 355-4534

Ms. Margery Daughtrey - Title Senior Ext. Assoc.

Dr. Larry Barnes - Title Associate Prof.

Integrating Control of Botrytis and Powdery Mildew in a Greenhouse Crop

M.K. Hausbeck, Margery Daughtrey , and Larry Barnes

Progress Report to the American Floral Endowment, 8/30/95

Project Objectives:

1) Develop a scouting program for PM and Botrytis blight;
2) Develop an

effective fungicide spray program for PM and Botrytis blight;

3) Investigate the epidemiology of PM to learn

how the environment affects infection and disease development;

4) Incorporate epidenuiological data on B. cinerea

with that determined for PM into an integrated disease management system that utilizes samitation, fungicide

applications, and environmental manipulation to reduce disease incidence and severity;

5) Develop a grower guide

entitled “Foliar Disease Management for Poinsettias”.

Results to Date:

An evaluation of the commonly recommended fungicides was completed at Michigan

State University on poinsettias in full color. Fungicide sprays were initiated soon after the first appearance of

powdery mildew colonies on bracts. While growers would certainly want to avoid a situation where powdery

mildew has progressed to the bracts as in this study, this particular system works well in research to determine

the ability of fungicides to control disease.

In this study, the Chipco 26019 and the Strike treatments were applied at 14-day intervals (a total of

2 applications), and all other fungicide treatments were applied at 7-day intervals (a total of 3 applications). At

the end of the experiment, colonies on two randomly identified bracts were counted to deterrmne whether the

fungicide treatments had provided effective control. Powdery mildew was best controlled by applications of

either Chipco 26019 WDG 50 WG (1.0 or 2.0 lb/100 gal) or the higher rates of Terraguard 5OW (16-4-4 or 16-8-8 oz/100

gal for the first, second, and third applications) or Cleary’s 3336 WP 5OWP (1.5 lb/100 gal). Since

there was no difference between the Chipco 26019 rates investigated in this study, the lower rate of 1.0 lb/100

gal could be expected to provide the same level of control as the higher rate of 2.0 lb/100 gal. Likewise, the lower

rates of Terraguard 5OW (16-4-4 oz/100 gal) were as effective as the higher rates of Terraguard 50W (16-8-8

oz/100 gal). However lowering the Terraguard 5OW rates further to 8-4-4 oz/100 gal was not equally effective

as the higher Terraguard rates used in this study.

In this experiment even the best treatments did not remove the colonies that existed prior to the first

fungicide application. This is why powdery mildew must be controlled early in production and removal of

infected leaves, if feasible, is helpful. The fungicides used in this trial were evaluated for their ability to prevent

the further development of powdery mildew beyond that existing prior to the first application of fungicide.

A weak link in managing powdery mildew on poinsettias has been the inability to protect bracts in the

finishing or postharvest production phase. To evaluate the length of time fungicides can provide protection

against powdery mildew, plants were maintained for 56 days beyond the last fungicide application in a

greenhouse full of poinsettias that were heavily infected with powdery mildew. Fungicides were evaluated based

on their ability to suppress production of coradia (sporulation) in colonies on bracts and foliage, In this study,

42 days appeared to be the longest duration of control available beyond the last application from the fungicides

evaluated in this study. None of the powdery mildew colonies were active 42 days after higher rates of

Terraguard 5OW (16-4-4 oz or 16-8-8 oz/100 gal, a total of 3 sprays) were applied following disease detection.

It was interesting that when healthy plants were treated with Terraguard 5OW (4 or 8 oz/100 gal, a total of 4

applications) prior to exposure to powdery mildew, protection lasted for 42 days. Good control was also obtained

42 days after the last application when Chipco 26019 5OWG (1 or 2 lb/100 gal) or the lower rate of Terraguard

5OW (8-4-4 oz) was used after the detection of powdery mildew. When a low rate of Teffaguard 5OW (2.0

oz/100 gal, a total of 4 sprays) was applied prior to exposure to powdery Mildew, good control was obtained for

42 days. Although colonies for all treatments were active 5 6 days after the last fungicide treatment, control was

still obtained for the “best” treatments described at 42 days in comparison to the untreated control.

Future Plans Covered by the Endowment Grant:

Researchers in Michigan, New York, and

Texas will conduct additional studies on fungicide

efficacy in controlling PM and Botrytis blight on poinsettias including: Baking Soda, Bayleton/Strike, Chipco

26019, Cleary’s 3336/Domain/Fungo Flo, Daconil, Dithane T/O, Eagle, Milban, Oil/Sunspray, Ornalin, Phyton

27, Pipron, Protect T/O, Zyban, Rubigan, Soap (Mycogen’s 1446), Sulfur, Terraguard, Triforine, and Zineb.